A barium enema is an Xray examination of the large bowel or colon. This is the last 1.5m of bowel, which extends from the region of the appendix to the rectum.
Barium is a white liquid that can be seen with Xrays. A small tube is inserted into the rectum and liquid barium is run in to "paint" the lining of the bowel. Air is then introduced to outline the bowel. You will be asked to lie in several positions to help demonstrate the different bowel loops and several Xrays will be taken.
You might find the examination uncomfortable but most people find it to be less distressing than they had expected.
The examination is done by a radiologist with the assistance of a radiographer. The entire examination should be completed within an hour.
Preparation
In order to obtain a satisfactory barium enema, the bowel needs to be empty. Otherwise the Xrays will show the bowel contents and important abnormalities may be hidden. To clear the bowel for the examination, you will receive dietary instructions and some laxative tablets, a purgative mixture and a suppository to encourage clearing of the bowel. It is very important to follow the dietary instructions closely and take the medications at the times indicated. You may have to get up to the toilet during the night prior to the examination.
If you are constipated or have diarrhoea, please let our booking staff know, as you may need a modified preparation.
Afterwards
You may feel a little uncomfortable after the examination and may find that you pass a moderate amount of "wind" during the rest of the day. You can return to your normal diet, but it is advisable to drink plenty of fluids and eat a reasonably "high fibre" diet (fresh fruit, vegetables) to help clear the barium from your bowel. If you tend to be constipated, a mild laxative may assist.
If you have any questions or concerns about the examination don't hesitate to ask!
